Nature-based solutions for equitable climate resilience scoping program: Desk-based review synthesis report

Summary

This report is a summary of a desk‑based review undertaken to identify global and regional evidence gaps, research needs and opportunities related to nature‑based solutions for equitable climate resilience. Drawing on international and region‑specific literature, the review focuses on how NbS are being used to address climate hazards while accounting for equity, scale and long‑term sustainability.

It examines evidence across multiple regions, including Sub‑Saharan Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Brazil, and highlights persistent gaps in monitoring, evaluation, governance and knowledge transfer, particularly in Global South contexts.

The report concludes that while NbS are widely promoted, stronger empirical evidence, inclusive governance approaches and better integration of indigenous and local knowledge are required to support effective and equitable climate adaptation.

Its findings directly inform the design of future co‑created research programmes on NbS under the Adaptation Research Alliance.